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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.
, E8 z7 c$ b a; w昨天我看了一個TED演講，來自新西蘭的語言學家Chris Lonsdale講了語言學習的方法。在評估了所有語言學習的研究之后，他總結出了5個原則、7個行動。他相信只要遵從這5個原則、踐行這7個行動，任何人都能在6個月內學會一種外語。
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The five principles are:
1 ^! N6 _: o# s2 T% y: r. E/ q4 M5個原則：
0 W6 W9 G' w2 M; @, w, f6 ]- R+ H3 b1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.9 r2 k G; ~2 O: W' ^! s
專注和你日常相關的語言內容。
5 q: X3 s1 ]" x& F( V2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1.3 {3 a$ c$ V0 G! ~& a
從學習這門語言的第一天開始，就把它當做你的交流方式。. n( B6 a5 z! X
3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.
K; G" u' J& ?& o$ X; H' l5 E, D當你明白含義之后，你會慢慢不知不覺地習得這門語言。$ E; @0 G8 O% K
4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training.: Z: q3 B- f2 a& C; p( l2 K
語言學習不是大量知識的積累，而更像是一種生理訓練。
: |4 g6 ]7 C8 q' P% `% g3 A5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.. }/ D g0 X; H. W) T
心理狀態和生理狀態都很重要：你需要愉快、放松，最重要的是對于模棱兩可要有一定容忍性。對于細枝末節不要過于糾結，因為那會把你逼瘋的。7 i6 v5 O3 D0 n j
' l2 c n: I1 D D0 XThe seven actions are:. W* Z, b" `1 ~3 s4 T! o5 v
7個行動：# b& |7 G+ F0 P0 ~
1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.
+ S# }. ^& F0 L0 E% o多聽——理解與否不重要，盡管去聽吧！去聽聽語言節奏和說話模式。
% L7 y1 E7 D1 D& T2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.3 f- O3 `8 t7 c/ Z; g/ P
先專注理解整體意思，再弄清單詞含義。身體語言和面部表情會有所幫助。
6 E& k( O- h0 V* _, {, ^! C$ w3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning
) G9 f! x% {* d c開始混合，創造話語并使用你所學到的一切。' b( k7 n$ L1 J* p" K {
4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more
! U9 g1 X& p& x: d3 R" t把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高頻詞匯，利用你已經學會的東西學到更多。
* `) K- G$ W$ g2 O# m9 ]5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.8 ]$ a; ^9 k# U0 o; n' J+ C
找個語伴——能流利講這門語言的人，或者能盡可能理解你說什么的人。注意，語伴不會糾正你的錯誤，但能夠用正確的語言、你明白的語言來對你的表現做出反饋。3 t) P' Z2 k$ b3 t
6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.% }1 {. ^" ]$ {% P* p1 S+ n7 @+ x
模仿面部表情——有些人的母語正是你要學習的新語言，你要觀看他們講話，觀察他們的面部表情、尤其是講話時的嘴型。6 G( M$ [3 A8 q; @3 D: D) b
7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.- Y( h/ @; a; z9 R4 G
在大腦和目的語之間建立“直接聯系”——想辦法讓語言和大腦中的圖像或其他內部表象產生直接聯系。 |
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發表于 2014-5-10 19:59:24
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