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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.' b' L5 |8 s! }8 ^$ b5 g
昨天我看了一個TED演講，來自新西蘭的語言學(xué)家Chris Lonsdale講了語言學(xué)習(xí)的方法。在評估了所有語言學(xué)習(xí)的研究之后，他總結(jié)出了5個原則、7個行動。他相信只要遵從這5個原則、踐行這7個行動，任何人都能在6個月內(nèi)學(xué)會一種外語。$ r4 i3 `5 b$ M! h& Q" A
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The five principles are:8 j8 Y/ }6 p4 k/ \# M' x
5個原則：
" l4 Q" J1 T# {! `1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.
, V9 E" O2 {7 N6 n; \專注和你日常相關(guān)的語言內(nèi)容。# s# W3 E8 ?) r# E1 H% M) X7 H
2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1.+ M9 }5 f8 e8 t) x1 Z4 x
從學(xué)習(xí)這門語言的第一天開始，就把它當(dāng)做你的交流方式。+ o& \& n6 Q6 U" Y" P, e/ E4 f
3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.
' T: J b0 \1 t當(dāng)你明白含義之后，你會慢慢不知不覺地習(xí)得這門語言。
1 X |* g: J# _% O& c U4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training./ G/ k+ t+ p' @3 Z4 [
語言學(xué)習(xí)不是大量知識的積累，而更像是一種生理訓(xùn)練。
}/ K# f3 S6 k: x4 Y5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.6 O- Z& y1 S) v! }& n
心理狀態(tài)和生理狀態(tài)都很重要：你需要愉快、放松，最重要的是對于模棱兩可要有一定容忍性。對于細(xì)枝末節(jié)不要過于糾結(jié)，因為那會把你逼瘋的。
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The seven actions are:! {, ~5 K$ c8 y! ^2 F+ a& Y! t% D* ?3 M
7個行動：+ F" ]. g7 S8 j# ~1 s! y
1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.% x; `9 q! [5 c% W. s9 _
多聽——理解與否不重要，盡管去聽吧！去聽聽語言節(jié)奏和說話模式。
/ G) Y) ~ h* u4 w8 H$ |- F& B2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.
p8 `9 G/ g$ `) B先專注理解整體意思，再弄清單詞含義。身體語言和面部表情會有所幫助。- z' s2 i; I* T) y0 ?
3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning
" ^; t. ~# Q. X) A0 D2 ~' L開始混合，創(chuàng)造話語并使用你所學(xué)到的一切。
8 ?# K E2 L$ B: b0 H2 M$ f o7 {4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more
/ w9 F0 v2 H* J! p5 G- x把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高頻詞匯，利用你已經(jīng)學(xué)會的東西學(xué)到更多。
$ ]/ d& Y3 h7 w1 B) r& M) M5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.( C6 ~. V! t) j+ r1 L7 c
找個語伴——能流利講這門語言的人，或者能盡可能理解你說什么的人。注意，語伴不會糾正你的錯誤，但能夠用正確的語言、你明白的語言來對你的表現(xiàn)做出反饋。# E! U' f% R& J0 p8 Y7 X9 U, x
6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.
f6 y1 d4 u3 i% P模仿面部表情——有些人的母語正是你要學(xué)習(xí)的新語言，你要觀看他們講話，觀察他們的面部表情、尤其是講話時的嘴型。# `! q( U: m7 Q4 K& ]
7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.$ C: S6 f7 o, l8 P: W9 S$ i- c
在大腦和目的語之間建立“直接聯(lián)系”——想辦法讓語言和大腦中的圖像或其他內(nèi)部表象產(chǎn)生直接聯(lián)系。 |
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發(fā)表于 2014-5-10 19:59:24
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