投影 projection 投影中心center of projection 投影面projecting plane 投影線projecting line 中心投影法perspective projection 平行投影法parallel projection 斜投影oblique projection4 h3 L& K( \8 F4 O 正投影orthographic projection& l4 m% H+ \: {) B 正投影面frontal plane of projection 側面投影面profile plane of projection% [0 V5 K o; s8 Y9 s! K5 z 投影圖projection drawing' o3 w: \/ `6 a8 }0 r4 U 三面投影圖three-plane projection drawing; T- |6 d1 k8 I* \( [$ q; y: N Y 投影軸axis of projection 投影特性characteristic of projection 不變性characteristic of true 積聚性characteristic of concentration* z: y7 x6 N F8 Y' K ~8 } 類似性characteristic of similarity 視圖view6 H& V2 z6 H7 k 三視圖three-view drawing9 l3 B$ c8 {( d2 S4 T7 [2 q 正面frontal plane 正面投影frontal projection 水平面horizontal plane 水平投影horizontal projection8 Q9 @+ t9 E8 [& a 側面profile plane9 f' V: t7 K: g. U0 T+ k2 S 側面投影profile projection 主視圖frontal view# A2 q: @' I' O/ ?# j | 俯視圖top view 左視圖left side view. U% z* Z0 A! v: i: P 立體solid. n# T8 ^* `" O+ b' B- B: B 平面立體plane body+ Y N# M, d$ Z2 o2 h$ T3 j 曲面立體body of curved surface3 j- C' H7 y' x$ U: Q: @3 f 回轉面surface of revolution, I! ]$ ^- A! k* V" G% ? 棱柱prism 棱錐pyramid 邊side; M5 k) e! o( o* Q0 ?1 J9 N# k 頂點center vertex 棱edge' s$ l' X/ ^4 k' U9 z# @; u7 V0 w 點point 直線line straight line 棱錐臺truncated pyramid1 d- C+ i! I$ Y5 N. o frustum of pyramid 重影coincidence of projection. W" z7 i% q9 j; w0 @0 k3 Q 積聚concentrate: J$ C/ v8 J1 k4 P( m, ?( l 變形deformation+ a; P4 D* Q0 ?6 s+ b2 d 實長true length 實形true shape 正平線frontal line+ ^! a/ m, T$ {# g" D 水平線horizontal line 側平線profile line$ ]1 Y" |4 `3 }1 K% I1 h: s 一般位置直線oblique line 鉛垂線vertical line, frontal-profile line 正垂線horizontal--profile line: u* U& I5 M7 H, F& H 側垂線frontal-horizontal line" w* {8 ^7 o1 g& Z8 t Q1 H 一般位置平面oblique plane. B1 g. q2 {3 ^) m$ j1 Q0 u! \ 相交intersection 平行parallel. y2 ~4 h& n& k- E% E- v 垂直perpendicular 交線intersecting line, line of intersection 交點point of intersection6 w4 B7 O) S2 e 平行線parallel line 垂直線perpendicular line) `" A1 M( J- x6 b5 `, y 交叉線skew line) _) |' V* w% R9 Q7 O# V 長度length 寬度width 高度height" O. M+ f5 Q) J8 R" t5 H 組合體complex# I: L' [& \' n5 X, V7 _ 基本幾何體basic body' W; n8 @2 W; h4 {9 c' f" } 相接built-up 相交inter section 相切tangent 相貫penetration% l, ~, S3 Y( Q/ w* D: a, q 支架brace# [9 |8 _3 T, m' K4 Q+ C% u- | 底板bottom board 肋rib7 X! _" O4 P/ Z/ t3 h" V 支承板bearing plate5 q! H$ g6 p* ~. d/ m( a, I7 P4 k( F 輪廓線outline, contour line 底圖traced drawing) O6 A8 i( s. _- H2 q 截平面cutting plane4 J' n% o+ h* R1 F" u% t7 I 截交線line of section 二重性dual nature 平面曲線plane curve 圓弧arc 橢圓ellipse3 U. D p% o' U* u 長軸major axis 短軸minor axis9 y0 c! ^- G' c5 Z8 x' u 雙曲線hyperbola 拋物線parabola) M, o5 P, g/ [# K; A4 y* a% C 圓circle 圓錐頂conic apex 2 b& f+ D5 d) A 相貫體intersecting bodies: `1 E1 r) z# ~3 O, l3 X 相貫線line of intersection! \: a' R4 F; H) B* O) t 空間曲線space curve 截平面方法cutting plane method, B) H/ g N! ]' N! y! O 輔助面auxiliary surface 輔助平面auxiliary plane 最高點culminating point9 w! _6 E6 n# v$ j$ @1 \ 尺寸Size+ c$ u% k$ Z3 Z5 t 定形尺寸size dimension 定位尺寸location dimension 左視圖right view 后視圖rear view, back view 仰視圖bottom view4 b% |! ?0 V/ W3 m" ^7 p# y4 c$ T 輔助圖auxiliary view$ B, s+ Z* U0 {! B) ~ 局部視圖partial view, broken view 斜視圖oblique view 旋轉視圖revolved view, aligned view( Q8 T1 t/ I8 g& V* B; H) N: p6 } 剖視圖sectional view, section: S0 H3 k& p( n$ |5 h- b 全剖視full section 半剖視half section 局部剖視圖partial section, broken-out section5 E7 Y, n5 `4 v2 U7 o& f' x 斜剖視圖oblique section 旋轉剖視圖aligned section 階梯剖視echelon section, offset section( _+ b- o: e" v) i0 z" o 復合剖視compound section 剖面圖section, sectional view 重合剖面coincide section, revolved section2 z: W* ]% Y; Z& O 移出剖面removed section 剖面線section line+ E# o8 }6 ?$ [0 Y 剖面符號symbols for section-lining 習慣畫法conventional drawing 局部放大圖 drawing of partial enlargement: n# T7 B- L1 b1 k, L b; E: T 零件圖detail drawing, working drawing 第三角投影third angle projection 粗實線continuous thick line, full line, visible line 細實線continuous thin line 虛線dot line, dashed line, hidden line 點劃線dash and dot line0 F7 X1 v3 }" Q3 y2 j' _ 雙點劃線double dots line0 ]4 A# c- G/ ?+ X9 w$ i 波浪線break line1 g7 s" [ O# A# d 斷裂線 剖切平面跡線cutting plane line 尺寸線dimension line 尺寸界線extension tine7 `. F9 u8 j. I( H9 R6 A 尺寸dimension size9 ~( ^/ a0 l: G+ ]+ p 箭頭arrowhead 基準datum 基準線datum line 基準面datum plane 中心孔central hole* J7 m" C) Q/ M 中心距center distance1 g" a! V( |- ^; G0 A% l$ w4 f 軸shaft, axle9 d; g! Z$ d9 ]! y- ~5 | 孔hole 斜孔inclination 裝配圖assembly drawing/ U* f- C4 i' s! `2 W 性能尺寸characteristic dimension 大小尺寸size dimension) r4 |' k$ Z; k( ^3 D. I3 D 總體尺寸outer dimension 外形尺寸 配合尺寸fit dimension$ v8 ?; _/ N6 m7 B7 a 內圓角fillet+ N4 c' z) J: ?, u 外圓角round 尖角sharp corner$ K8 x" ^% w: ?( B; K9 Z, E 倒角chamfer4 {8 S4 y7 C R2 z+ ` 輪緣flange of wheel 緣、邊、環rim 軸肩shoulder e# p5 j: ^# ]) K5 H6 T, j* ` 凸臺boss 凹坑concave pit 軸頸shaft neck 輪轂hub( G. j/ u1 V: ^2 ^ 輪輻spoke, spoke of wheel% O. l4 Y$ }; o8 N; A$ i1 N' \9 w 直紋滾花straight knurling s! @9 w" s8 s& L% i1 {+ Q. T 網紋滾花hatching knurling 鍵槽key-way( _" M5 o# y/ x0 t, e. N 退刀槽escape 拔模斜度pattern draft# n& h D% Z* g5 {$ }# j 填料盒gland box5 @2 e) s' W' N, _$ |- \% f 油槽oil groove 油封oil seal) i& G! X" E J& Q: N 標準件standard parts+ M; F4 Q* f/ ]8 x5 e 螺紋thread 外螺紋external thread 內螺紋internal thread 大徑major diameter( I: L6 {, T4 V+ H 小徑minor diameter! s8 j" C8 \/ f! ^ 螺距pitch of thread 牙型form of thread# S7 j% S, A% V r8 |* {% k3 Z 旋向direction of turning 右旋螺紋right-hand thread9 X! b4 D" P _ 左旋螺紋left-hand thread 頭數number of thread 導程lead 粗牙coarse thread9 [* E" N0 z. D8 D9 [/ `9 w 細牙fin thread 螺栓bolt 螺釘screw 螺柱stud 螺母nut1 C& e0 A. J/ Y 墊片washer/ c" p9 p( M2 W; ]- R2 B% u2 H4 @8 Z 公差tolerance% O% ]: t3 [4 N& V; z8 q 公差帶tolerance zone 零線zero line 標準公差standard tolerance8 j# I& y# h" B" }$ x8 g+ O) p 公差等級tolerance grade2 g7 h, k4 E. u x! J5 v U; } 基本偏差fundamental deviation6 D5 G$ o6 {6 Y5 f/ @/ x' I 配合fit" _ O Y* w" `) ^, Y 間隙配合clearance fit 過盈interference 過盈配合interference fit 過渡配合transition fit& Q. T C' d$ [; ^& U& S ^+ H 基孔制hole-basic system of fits 基軸制shaft-basic system of fits0 w4 {5 X8 `" F( J 間隙clearance0 o Y8 |0 G" [- L 形狀公差tolerance in form, form tolerance 直線度straightness) }0 I) K! o) {6 I( G 平面度flatness 圓度roundness9 M! c/ R* c! @3 N; V 圓柱度cylindricity 線輪廓度profile of any line3 Z1 x& |9 P/ R; ~: I 面輪廓度profile of any plane0 m6 \1 c" ^6 [, ? 位置公差tolerance in position, position tolerances8 v, Z3 t7 `8 R4 q4 w/ z- _ 平行度 parallelism; c+ i. a( h- {. q 齒輪gear 圓柱齒輪cylindrical gear; c) v+ q* N# G: Z3 o! q/ G3 s 正齒輪spur gear; N, B4 `2 S2 K% D8 j 斜齒輪spiral gear 輪齒gear tooth; O- o2 i1 B) C% B 節圓pitch circle 齒頂圓addendum circle, outside circle 齒根圓root circle, addendum circle 模數modulus6 q* m% |3 |! F- _& W: v& t 齒數number of teeth 齒高tooth height 齒頂高height of addendum) `8 V, ^. K. Q( p' L" y* ] 齒根高height of addendum3 a4 l7 v/ n, S9 d9 x6 k- b/ t 齒厚circular thickness8 [' p" V4 n* _2 z! |0 ^ 齒間tooth space7 w/ G+ m5 Z; e 齒寬tooth width 壓力角angle of pressure 彈簧spring 銷pin3 @( S; G a( S+ Y' k: b 圓柱銷round pin0 A$ o8 \! O$ D$ F) q 圓錐銷taper pin8 K/ e) k6 | q0 ^ 開口銷cotter pin, split* I5 R m5 Q" K: E# @ 鍵key0 @7 c/ D& T/ f% M, p0 I5 \) ] 平鍵flat key' Q$ u3 D3 N! L6 H& e1 M 半圓鍵half round key, woodruff key; L: V3 p8 {1 a# ^! {& R; [ 軸承bearing 滾動軸承rolling bearing ^, E' G) J; v. b$ N 向心鈾承radial bearing 密封裝置sealing equipment0 j- L" o2 i; V& f9 E 鎖緊裝置locking equipment 粗糙度roughness 基本尺寸basic size 實際尺寸actual size 極限尺寸limits size3 w/ o0 J1 _2 S; q# n8 {+ S7 C 最大極限尺寸maximum limit of size 最小極限尺寸minimum limit of size 偏差deviation 上偏差upper deviation$ z6 y* E' z; h% ^! I, L% I, { 下偏差lower deviation 垂直度perpendicularity 傾斜度angularity 同軸度concentricity 對稱度symmetry 位置度true position1 i1 ]. J% B/ k) M0 t- f& v% y 跳動run-out 圓跳動cycle run-out 全跳動total run-out 0 Y4 n+ N S3 z. }# l$ r/ w 軸測投影axonometric projection 軸測投影面plane of axonometric projection/ q, Y. d. _2 }$ s* a 軸測圖axonometric drawing& ?8 s2 |# `) X9 `) Y$ b( y 正等軸測投影isometric projection 正二測bimetric projection 斜二測oblique bimetric projection 軸測軸axonometric axis8 Q5 {& H! L4 w4 w3 I! g3 l! F 軸間角axis angle, angle between ales+ w* ]0 R" Y) s, g4 S 縮短foreshortened# D8 l q0 n8 a; L: b. r 軸向縮短率coefficient of axial+ a* @7 k* I2 H( v4 a& J2 w3 @7 H deformation ratio of9 X- @- i' j9 c6 e$ {, { fore shortening for any axis 切割法cutting method, by cutting 方箱法boxing method$ {; M0 X& w+ L9 a2 F; h& G 坐標法coordinate method; M1 S5 @6 x( d. W7 X8 r) ]: |* a 方框法enclosing-square method) N" Q9 g! }, J 四心近似法four-center approximate metho |
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